Table 6 Effects of treatment on the yield and grain quality of brown rice in the paddy field experiments conducted in 2017–2019

509.45 ± 123.88

691.04 ± 76.24

721.63 ± 308.64

857.57 ± 58.06

894.51 ± 49.49

0.96

0.472

22.44 ± 0.41

22.28 ± 0.27

22.41 ± 0.17

22.59 ± 0.13

22.64 ± 0.21

0.23

0.915

75.48 ± 3.28

76.33 ± 1.13

75.20 ± 2.18

77.13 ± 1.95

78.70 ± 2.57

0.30

0.870

15.68 ± 2.60

14.07 ± 0.61

14.93 ± 0.92

13.97 ± 0.41

14.87 ± 2.51

0.15

0.961

2.95 ± 0.90

3.70 ± 0.47

3.43 ± 1.16

3.13 ± 0.64

2.77 ± 0.86

0.18

0.942

5.66 ± 0.23

5.43 ± 0.04

5.43 ± 0.16

5.42 ± 0.07

5.78 ± 0.23

0.82

0.540

19.80 ± 0.12

19.77 ± 0.02

19.83 ± 0.09

19.88 ± 0.14

19.58 ± 0.27

0.56

0.686

238.91 ± 64.91

226.22 ± 26.06

180.75 ± 62.22

259.63 ± 34.09

299.17 ± 23.01

1.00

0.448

20.82 ± 0.70

20.74 ± 0.50

21.00 ± 0.28

21.29 ± 0.21

21.39 ± 0.55

0.28

0.885

64.76 ± 3.16

67.52 ± 2.61

66.25 ± 1.98

70.88 ± 1.87

67.92 ± 2.97

0.73

0.588

12.99 ± 2.50

10.98 ± 0.75

11.50 ± 1.39

13.27 ± 1.26

16.38 ± 2.61

1.05

0.427

16.96 ± 3.71

17.67 ± 2.89

17.85 ± 2.08

12.38 ± 1.50

12.47 ± 4.48

0.70

0.606

6.65 ± 0.04

6.47 ± 0.12

6.42 ± 0.06

6.38 ± 0.04

6.55 ± 0.10

2.18

0.139

18.81 ± 0.09

18.87 ± 0.12

18.88 ± 0.10

18.90 ± 0.05

18.78 ± 0.04

0.30

0.874

147.42 ± 24.45

138.66 ± 23.38

104.04 ± 22.17

150.89 ± 20.27

180.71 ± 38.33

1.01

0.442

20.83 ± 0.65

20.57 ± 0.39

19.33 ± 0.84

20.48 ± 0.48

21.01 ± 0.52

1.11

0.399

61.03 ± 2.84

56.90 ± 4.49

50.27 ± 5.70

60.33 ± 2.82

65.47 ± 0.38

2.32

0.121

17.43 ± 0.94

20.83 ± 2.69

15.63 ± 0.87

15.98 ± 1.86

14.45 ± 1.72

2.06

0.154

18.65 ± 3.13

19.35 ± 2.73

30.53 ± 5.70

21.38 ± 2.48

18.42 ± 1.84

2.12

0.146

6.46 ± 0.20

6.77 ± 0.28

6.73 ± 0.25

6.48 ± 0.07

6.32 ± 0.06

0.90

0.499

18.95 ± 0.05

19.02 ± 0.02

18.93 ± 0.13

18.93 ± 0.07

19.13 ± 0.11

1.06

0.420