A double hurdle estimation of crop diversification decisions by smallholder wheat farmers in Sinana District, Bale Zone, Ethiopia

Table 2 Descriptive result of factors affecting crop diversification

Characteristics	Non-diversified % or mean (n₁ = 71)	Diversified % or mean (n₂ = 311)	Total	χ² or t-test
Gender of household head (% female)	12.86	14.57	11.54	0.006
Age of HH	44.47	44.23	44.33	− 0.003**
Dependency Ratio	2.34	1.4	1.98	0.0325
Family size in number	6.69	7.13	7.06	0.010
Labor availability (%yes)	47.25	75.56	63.34	.0405**
Education level of household head	0.34	0.37	0.362	0.002**
Farm Experience in year	35.61	24.72	24.74	0.011***
Access to credit (% yes)	18.57	11.22	12.50	0.024
Total livestock unit/TLU	7.24	7.57	7.48	− 0.002
Farm land size	2.67	3.06	2.99	− 0.007***
Number of plot	2.64	3.22	3.13	0.001**
Plot fertility	97.14	61.22	49.87	0.092*
Extension visit (frequency)	94.29	95.51	95.05	0.097**
Access to remittance	43.12	56.88	41.34	0.004
Membership to coops (% yes)	74.29	66.67	67.97	− 0.016**
Distance to market	26.29	30.03	29.33	0.003
Distance to farmers training centers	15.66	15.93	15.87	0.003
Distance to farm	15.96	15.73	15.77	− 0.004
Total income/AE in birr	5214.29	7370.19	6943.18	2.76e−06
Number of oxen	2.39	2.37	2.68	0.061

ISSN: 2662-4044