From: Pumpkin and watermelon production constraints and management practices in Uganda
Production constraints | Regions | Total | % | df | χ2 | P | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acholi | Central | East Central | Elgon | Lango | South western | Teso | West Nile | Western | ||||||
Overall | ||||||||||||||
 Diseases | 5 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 36 | 34.29 | 64 | 87.51 | 0.027* |
 Drought | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 8.57 |  |  |  |
 High labour costs | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 4.76 |  |  |  |
 High transport costs | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 5.71 |  |  |  |
 Low yields | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.90 |  |  |  |
 Limited market | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.95 |  |  |  |
 Pests | 1 | 12 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 43 | 40.95 |  |  |  |
 Price fluctuation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.90 |  |  |  |
 Poor soils | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.95 |  |  |  |
Diseases | ||||||||||||||
 Anthracnose | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 9.52 | 48 | 67.44 | 0.033* |
 Downy mildew | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 12.38 |  |  |  |
 Gummy stem blight | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.95 |  |  |  |
 Powdery mildew | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 7.62 |  |  |  |
 Virus-like disease | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 6.67 |  |  |  |
 Bacterial wilt | 2 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 23 | 21.90 |  |  |  |
Pests | ||||||||||||||
 Aphids | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 20.00 | 64 | 153.3 |  < 0.001* |
 Beetles | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 5.71 |  |  |  |
 Melon flies | 1 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 16.19 |  |  |  |
 Mites | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.90 |  |  |  |
 Rats | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 7.62 |  |  |  |
 Rindworm | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.95 |  |  |  |
 Whiteflies | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 31 | 29.52 |  |  |  |
 Cutworm | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 9.52 |  |  |  |
 Red ants | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 8.57 |  |  |  |