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Table 1 Chemical composition and microbial populations of wet brewery spent grain

From: Preservation techniques and their effect on nutritional values and microbial population of brewer’s spent grain: a review

Nutrients

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Dry matter

23.36

24.15

21–28

24.1

25.75

22.6

24.27

24.2

Crude protein

32.57

27.35

26.5–37

28.6

27.80

32.1

22.48

26.5

Neutral detergent fiber

45.47

42.9–61

53.7

62.91

43.5

26.4

63

Acid detergent fiber

21.20

26–32

28

20.5

22.5

12.1

25.2

Acid detergent lignin

 

6.66

Microbial population (log10cfu g−1 FW)

 Lactic acid bacteria

4.57

4.97

4.57

 Aerobic bacteria

 

6.61

  

4.62

 Yeast

7.53

7.13

3.79

8.05

4.69

4.24

 Mold

5.23

7.33

4.08

 Clostridia

1.6

  1. (1) = Marston 2007, (2) = Souza et al. 2012, (3) = Young et al. 2015). (4) = Wang et al. 2020, (5) = Lv et al. 2020, (6) = Hatungimana et al. 2021,(7) = Dai et al. 2022, and (8) Kitaw et al. 2022a, b