Table 3 Description of variables by market participation status of teff producers

Sex of household (%)

Male

73.5

95

25

84.24^a

Female

26.5

5

75

Age of household (year)

43.83

41.74

48.47

3.36^a

Household size (AE)

3.96

3.9

4.12

− 0.184(NS)

Literacy status (%)

Literate

67.7

86

27

52.60^a

Illiterate

32.3

14

73

Land allocated for teff (ha)

0.6

0.72

0.25

− 8.23^a

Total livestock owned (TLU)

4.5

5.1

3.2

− 4.27^a

Off/non-farm participation (%)

Yes

67

80.6

19.4

7.38^a

No

88

60

40

Access to market information (%)

Yes

58

96.7

3.3

76.66^a

No

42

31

69

Credit use

Yes

38

88

12

16.26^a

No

62

57

43

Distance from market (km) center(km)

6.28

5.1

8.9

7.43^a

Frequency of extension contact

10

13

4

− 8.60^a

Chemical fertilizer (%)

Yes

73

89

11

80.77^a

No

27

14

86

Improved teff seed (%)

Yes

40

97

3

37.20^a

No

60

50.5

49.5

Row sowing of teff (%)

Yes

22

98

2

26.24^a

No

78

56.5

49.5