Evaluation of Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) as a biocontrol agent of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) based on two-sex life table and functional response analyses

Table 3 Population parameters (mean ± SE) of Telenomus remus reared on Spodoptera litura eggs

Population parameter	Result
Gross reproduction rate (offspring)	116.42 ± 7.58
Net reproduction rate (R₀) (offspring)	92.47 ± 6.88
Intrinsic rate of increase (r) (day⁻¹)	0.3506 ± 0.0062
Finite rate of increase (λ) (day⁻¹)	1.4199 ± 0.0088
Mean generation time (T) (day)	12.91 ± 0.07
Population doubling time (day)	1.98 ± 0.04

The standard error (SE) were estimated by using a bootstrap-match technique with 100,000 resamplings

ISSN: 2662-4044