Sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam induce transgenerational hormesis in cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover

Table 3 Duration (days) of different developmental stages of Aphis gossypii F₁ generation, originated from parents (F₀) treated with LC₅ and LC₁₀ of thiamethoxam

Stage	n	Control	n	Thiamethoxam (LC₅)	n	Thiamethoxam (LC₁₀)
Stage	n	Mean ± SE	n	Mean ± SE	n	Mean ± SE
First-instar nymph	40	2.20 ± 0.09 a	40	1.85 ± 0.08 b	40	1.88 ± 0.07 b
Second-instar nymph	39	1.62 ± 0.09 a	39	1.41 ± 0.08 a	40	1.43 ± 0.08 a
Third-instar nymph	38	1.50 ± 0.09 a	37	1.22 ± 0.07 b	38	1.34 ± 0.08 ab
Fourth-instar nymph	37	1.22 ± 0.07 a	36	1.14 ± 0.06 a	37	1.16 ± 0.06 a
Pre-adult	37	6.54 ± 0.08 a	36	5.64 ± 0.08 b	37	5.81 ± 0.06 b
Adult (Female)	37	24.11 ± 0.30 b	36	27.42 ± 0.29 a	37	26.81 ± 0.37 a
Total longevity (Female)	37	30.65 ± 0.31 b	36	33.06 ± 0.29 a	37	32.62 ± 0.40 a

Standard errors were estimated by using the bootstrap technique with 100,000 resampling. Difference was compared using the paired bootstrap test (P < 0.05). The means within a row followed by a different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments

ISSN: 2662-4044