Temperature effects on the hormetic response of Myzus persicae after sublethal exposure to insecticides

Table 1 Relative toxicity of organophosphate and pyrethroid (i.e., chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin) to individuals of Myzus persicae

Insecticides	Temperatures	N	LC₅₀ (95% CI)	χ²	P	TR
Chlorpyrifos	15 °C	700	8.6 (6.7–10.5)^a	12.97	0.15	5.05
	20 °C	700	7.0 (6.5–7.6)^a	7.06	0.13	4.11
	25 °C	600	1.7 (1.3–2.2)^b	5.55	0.23	–
	28 °C	800	2.0 (1.7–2.6)^b	10.84	0.09	1.17
Deltamethrin	15 °C	800	4.2 (3.7–4.7)^a	7.38	0.19	3.81
	20 °C	600	4.6 (4.0–5.2)^a	6.16	0.18	4.18
	25 °C	700	5.3 (4.7–5.8)^a	4.49	0.10	4.81
	28 °C	600	1.1 (1.0–1.3)^b	5.21	0.26	–

N: number of individuals tested. LC₅₀ (95%): lethal concentration to cause mortality in 50% of individuals (10^–3.mg active ingredient /ml). CI: confidence intervals. Different lower case letters indicate statistical differences between the lethal concentrations. χ2: Chi-square for Goodness-of-fit to the probit model. P: Probability associated with the chi-square statistic.TR = toxicity ratio, calculated by dividing the LC₅₀s of the different temperatures by the lowest LC₅₀

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